20.12.2012, 15:16 | #81 | ||
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search Part of a series on Government United States budget and debt topics Major dimensions[hide] Economy · Expenditures Federal budget · Financial position Military budget · Public debt Taxation · Unemployment Programs[hide] Medicare · Social Security Contemporary issues[hide] Fiscal Cliff Bowles-Simpson Commission · Bush tax cuts Debt-ceiling crisis · Deficit reduction Health care reform · Political debates Social Security debate · "Starve the beast" Subprime mortgage crisis Financial crisis of 2007–2008 Terminology[hide] Cumulative deficit + Interest = Debt Balance of payments · Inflation v · t · e U.S. debt from 1940 to 2011. Red lines indicate the debt held by the public (net public debt) and black lines indicate the total public debt outstanding (gross public debt), the difference being that the gross debt includes that held by the federal government itself. The second panel shows the two debt figures as a percentage of U.S. GDP (dollar value of U.S. economic production for that year). The top panel is deflated so every year is in 2010 dollars. The United States public debt is the money borrowed by the federal government of the United States through the issue of securities by the Treasury and other federal government agencies. US public debt consists of two components:[1] Debt held by the public includes Treasury securities held by investors outside the federal government, including that held by individuals, corporations, the Federal Reserve System and foreign, state and local governments. Debt held by government accounts or intragovernmental debt includes non-marketable Treasury securities held in accounts administered by the federal government that are owed to program beneficiaries, such as the Social Security Trust Fund. Debt held by government accounts represents the cumulative surpluses, including interest earnings, of these accounts that have been invested in Treasury securities. Public debt increases or decreases as a result of the annual unified budget deficit or surplus.[2] The federal government budget deficit or surplus is the difference between government receipts and spending, ignoring intra-governmental transfers. However, some spending that is excluded from the deficit (supplemental appropriations) also adds to the debt. Historically, the US public debt increased during wars and recessions, and subsequently declined. For example, debt held by the public as a share of GDP peaked just after World War II (113% of GDP in 1945), but then fell over the following 30 years. In recent decades, however, large budget deficits and the resulting increases in debt have led to concern about the long-term sustainability of the federal government's fiscal policies.[3] On 13 December 2012, debt held by the public was approximately $11.579 trillion or about 73% of GDP. Intra-governmental holdings stood at $4.791 trillion, giving a combined total public debt of $16.370 trillion.[4][5][5][6] As of July 2012, $5.3 trillion or approximately 48% of the debt held by the public was owned by foreign investors, the largest of which were China and Japan at just over $1.1 trillion each.[7] ...... " Можно эту статью с переводом отсылать нуждающимся в английском языке в виде газетки,листовки,там главное перевод написать,используя вспомогательные и факультативные школьные материалы,чтобы было доходчиво и легко запоминалось.Вам за это детки потом спасибо скажут. Только тех волонтеров стороной обходите. Последний раз редактировалось Арьяна, 20.12.2012 в 15:17. | ||
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